Insect Ecology and Integrated Pest Management

21. Integrated pest management in Rice Avoid water stagnation – level the field Summer ploughing Trimming and plastering the bunds Maintain weed free condition in the field and bunds Transplanting at appropriate stage after removal of terminal part (2 to 4") of seedlings to reduce the chances of carrying and migration of immature stages of yellow stem borer. Leaving alleys (30 cm) after every 5 meters in the main field is advantageous for field monitoring as well as manual movement to take up required interventions Drain excess water from field. Flood the nursery. Ducks can be allowed to pick up bugs and larvae Regulating 'N' applications to avoid nutritional resurgence of plant and leaf hoppers. Supplementing N with K2O and neem coated materials for better utility and reduction of negative effects. Use recommended dose of N-fertilizer Harvesting of crop to ground level to reduce the chanc

Preparation of spray fluid v   Pesticide labels often do not contain directions for mixing small quantities of spray. v   Accurate measurements of ingredients are important when mixing pesticides. v   The concentration of the active ingredient in the spray is critical to its effectiveness.

PESTICIDE APPLIANCES                       Selection of equipments is based on                                                 1. Pest to be controlled                         2. Stage of the crop                         3. Formulation of pesticide Other appliances Ø   Soil injector                                     - For applying liquid formulations Ø   Granule applicator               - For applying granule formulations Ø   Bird scarer                           - For driving away birds Ø   Flame thrower                                 - For producing flames Ø   Seed dressing machine        - For coating seeds with chemicals Ø   Slurry seed treatment machine- For preparing a slurry A. DUSTERS 1. Plunger duster v   Dust chamber with a deflector gap, cylinder with piston rod and handle v   Working of handle produces air blast & expels out dust through deflector gap. v   Spot app