1. CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ECOSYSTEM



CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ECOSYSTEM


The term derived from the greek term oekologie
                              Oikos – house/home
                              Logy- the science of or the study of

The term ecology was coined by a German biologist “ Ernst Haekel” in 1869.

Definition

Ecology can be defined as the science of plants and animals in relation to their environment.

  • v  Autecology:  Study of individual organism or an individual species in relation to the environment.
  • v  Synecology: study of the group or groups of organisms associated in a community in the same environment.

TERMINOLOGIES
  • v  Habitat ecology: study of habitat and its effects on the organisms.
  • v  Biome: The grouping of communities that have similar structure composed of ecosystem of a similar vegetation type.
  • v  Biome ecology: interaction between different communities in an area.
  • v  Biota: Fauna and flora of a particular habitat.
  • v  Population: Individual organisms of the same species living together. (or) A group of individuals or a species occurring in a given area or locality at a specific time.
  • v  Community: All population in the area at a specific time.
  • v  Ecosystem: The complex system of biotic and abiotic factors.(Living organisms and non living environment).
  • v  Agro-ecosystem: Crops+ Insects+ Other animals(Birds, Rodents etc.,)+ Physical abiotic factors.
  • v  Biosphere/Ecosphere: It is the largest, self sufficient system which includes all of earth’s living organisms and physical environment.
  • v  Niche: It is a compilation of all needed resources both qualitative and quantitative terms.


             A food chain is the path of food from a primary producer to a final consumer.


    TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM- FOREST ECOSYSTEM
        

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM - POND ECOSYSTEM

   
     
    

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

5. AGROECOSYSTEM SURVEY ANALYSIS (AESA)

Image
5. AGROECOSYSTEM SURVEY ANALYSIS (AESA) AESA is an approach, which can be gainfully employed by extension functionaries and farmers to analyses field situations with regard to pests, defenders, soil conditions, plant health, the influence of climatic factors and their interrelationship for growing healthy crop. Such a critical analysis of the field situations will help in taking appropriate deci sion on management practices. The methodology is as follows. Go to the field in groups. Walk across the field and choose 10 plants randomly. Observe keenly each of these plants and record your observations: v   Plant : observe the plant height, number of tillers, crop stage, deficiency symptoms, etc. v   Pests : observe and count pests at different places on the plant. v   Defenders: observe and count parasites and predators. v   Rats : count numbers of plants affected by rats. v   Weeds : observe weeds in the field and their intensity.
Read more

7. Cultural, 8.Pysical & 9. Mecanical Control

Image
7. CULTURAL METHODS OF CONTROL Definition : Manipulation of cultural practices to the disadvantage of pests. I.                     Farm level practices Sl.no. Cropping techniques Pest checked       Summer Ploughing Red hairy caterpillar 2.     Allowing ducks into the field Swarming caterpillar 3.         Puddling Rice mealy bug 4.         Trimming and plastering Rice grass hopper 5.         Pest free seed material Potato tuber moth, Banana rhizome weevil, Sweet potato weevil. 6.         High seed rate Sorghum shootfly 7.         Plant density Rice brown planthopper 8.         Earthing up Sugarcane early shoot borer, cotton stem weevil. 9.
Read more