13. PREPARATION OF PESTICIDAL PLANT PRODUCTS

PREPARATION OF PESTICIDAL PLANT PRODUCTS

Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE)

3-5 kg of Neem kernel is required for an acre. Remove the outer seed coat and use only the kernel. If the seeds are fresh, 3 kg of kernel is sufficient. If the seeds are old, 5 kg is required. Pound the kernel gently and place it in an earthen pot. To this, add 10 litres of water. Tie the mouth of the pot securely with a cloth. Leave it as such for 3 days. Filter it after 3 days. On filtering 6-7 litres of extract can be obtained. The shelf life of this is about one month. 500-1000 ml of this extract is used for one tank (a tank of 10 litre capacity). 500-1000 ml of extract should be diluted with 9.5 or 9 litres of water before spraying. Khadi soap solution @ 10 ml/litre (100 ml/tank) should be added to help the extract stick well to the leaf surface. The concentration of the extract can be increased or decreased depending on the intensity of the pest attack.

Note: This extract can be stored for a period of one month. The seeds used for preparing this extract should be at least 3 months old. When they are less than 3 months or more than 8 months old, the pest control property in these seeds will be less. The extract prepared should be milky white in colour. If they are prepared from aged seeds, the extract will be brownish in colour.

Neem Cake Extract

5 kg of Neem cake is required for an acre of land. Powder the neem cake well and place it in a cotton cloth and tie it. Soak it in a vessel containing 10 litres of water for 3 days. After 3 days squeeze the pouch well into the water. About 7-8 litres of extract can be obtained. About 500-1000 ml of this extract is used for one tank (a tank of 10 litre capacity). 500-1000 ml of the extract should be diluted with 9.5 or 9 litres of water before spraying. Khadi soap solution @ 10 ml/litre (100 ml/ tank) should be added to help the extract stick well to the leaf surface. 10 tanks of the extract can be sprayed for one acre of the crop. The concentration of the extract can be increased or decreased depending on the intensity of the pest attack. The shelf life of this extract is one month.

Ginger, Garlic, Chilli Extract

This extract is made from three plants. For preparing the extract require for one acre, 1 kg of garlic, 0.5 kg of ginger and 0.5 kg of green chillies are required. Take all the three separately and make them into a fine paste. Dissolve all the three pastes in 7 litres of water and mix them well. On filtering this, 6 litres of extract can be obtained. The concentration of the extract can be increased or decreased from 500-1000 ml/tank (10 litre capacity) depending on the intensity of the pest attack. This extract should be used immediately after preparation. This extract can be stored for a maximum of 3 days.

Neem leaf Extract

For preparing the extract required for one acre of land 5 kg of neem leaves are required. 5 kg of leaves should be collected and pound. This should be taken in a mud pot. To this 5 litres of water should be added and allowed to ferment for 3 days to one week. Later, the water should be filtered and the extract can be used. 0.5 litre of extract should be diluted with  9.5 litres of water for obtaining one tank of extract.

Pungam leaf extract

For preparing the extract required for one acre of land 5 kg of pungam leaves are required. 5 kg of leaves should be collected and pound. This should be taken in a mud pot. To this 5 litres of water should be added and allowed to ferment for 3 days to one week. Later, the water should be filtered and the extract can be used. 0.5 litre of extract should be diluted with 9.5 litres of water for obtaining one tank of extract.

Jatropha Leaf Extract

For preparing the extract required for one acre of land 5 kg of Jatropha leaves are required. 5 kg of leaves should be collected and pound. This should be taken in a mud pot. To this 5 litres of water should be added and allowed to ferment for 3 days to one week. Later, the water should be filtered and the extract can be used. 0.5 litre of extract should be diluted with 9.5 litres of water for obtaining one tank of extract.

Five Leaf Extract

This extract is prepared using leaves of five different plants. Leaves with five different characteristics are used for this purpose.

·         Plants with milky latex - Calotropis, Nerium, Cactus and Jatropha.

·         Plants which are bitter - Neem, Andrographis, Tinospora and Leucas.

·         Plants that are generally avoided by cattle   - Adathoda, Ipomea fistulosa

·         Aromatic plants - Vitex, Ocimum

·         Plants that are not affected  by  pests  and  diseases -Morinda, Ipomea fistulosa

One plant in each category should be taken in equal quantities (1 kg in each) and pound well. Take them in a mud pot and add twice the quantity of water. To this, add 1 litre of cow's urine and 100 g of Asafoetida. Tie the mouth of the pot tightly with a cloth. This extract should be mixed well daily in the evening.

This extract should be used after a period of one week. If this extract is to be used for prophylatic as a precautionary measure, 500 ml of the extract should be added for a tank of 10 litre capacity. This should be diluted with 9.5 litres of water and used. If the pest infestation is severe 1000 ml of extract should be used per tank and diluted with 9 litres of water. This extract can be stored and used for a period of 25-30 days.

[Preparation of Khadi Soap Solution

Khadi soap solution should be added with all neem extracts before spraying. This is a neem based soap without any detergent. It should be soaked overnight in water and used. The soap solution should be sticky and thick in nature. ]